INTRODUCTION TO GREEK GRAMMAR
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       Introduction to Greek Grammar

Introduction to Greek Grammar covers some essential elements of the grammar of Greek and introduces some basic vocabulary. For learners with beginning Ancient Greek experience, this Class  provides excellent discussion and examples of Greek Syntax.  It introduces students to aspects of translation of New Testament Greek  as well as the main lexical aids. On completion of the subject students should be able to translate basic nominal and verbal sentences.

 

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Required Reading Click on links to view

First Greek Grammar Accidence     

First Greek Grammar Syntax

Greek Prose Composition

Greek Prose Composition Key

Pocket Lexicon Greek New Testament

Reference Material

The Mythology Of Greece And Rome

Download Interlinear Greek New Testament

Click on link below to download Westcott-Hort text from 1881, combined with the NA26/27 variants. (only NA26/27 variants visible)

Matthew 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Luke 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
John 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Acts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Romans 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1Corinthians 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
2Corinthians 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Galatians 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ephesians 1 2 3 4 5 6
Philippians 1 2 3 4
Colossians 1 2 3 4
1Thessalonians 1 2 3 4 5
2Thessalonians 1 2 3
1Timothy 1 2 3 4 5 6
2Timothy 1 2 3 4
Titus 1 2 3
Philemon 1
Hebrews 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
James 1 2 3 4 5
1Peter 1 2 3 4 5
2Peter 1 2 3
1John 1 2 3 4 5
2John 1
3John 1
Jude 1
Revelation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Helps to Learn the Greek Alphabet

http://www.open.ac.uk/Arts/greek/interactive.htm

Greek New Testament with Dictionary and Helps Link

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0155

Greek Grammar Helps Link

http://web.uvic.ca/hrd/greek/

http://www.biblicalgreek.com/index.php?next=0&ba=gram_search&person%5B%5D=1&bible_book=1&clean_lemma=

Greek Vocabulary Helps

http://chss2.montclair.edu/classics/javascript/Greek/greekjava.html

http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~ancgreek/ancient_greek_start.html

Greek Exercises

http://www.ibiblio.org/koine/greek/lessons/

Weekly Tests

  • Week 1 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 2 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 3 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 4 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 5 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 6 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 7 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

  • Week 8 - 10 words test / all words test / word list

    Comprehensive Tests

  • 40 words evenly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 80 words evenly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 160 words evenly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 25 words randomly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 50 words randomly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 75 words randomly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 100 words randomly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 150 words randomly taken from all weekly exams.

  • 200 words randomly taken from all weekly exams.

    •  

     

    The Greek Alphabet

    THE GREEK ALPHABET

    Click on the letter below to hear the pronunciation of the letters of the alphabet.

    Letters Names Sounds Capitals
    a alpha palm, father A
    b beta big B
    g gamma graphic (but before g, k, c as angle, anchor, ink) G
    d delta delta D
    e epsilon end E
    z zeta zoology Z
    h eta chaos, late H
    q theta theater Q
    i iota political I
    k kappa keep K
    l lambda logical L
    m mu monologue M
    n nu autonomy N
    x xi exit X
    o omicron cosmos O
    p pi apostle P
    r rho prophet, martyr R
    s, " sigma synthesis, stoic S
    t tau martyr T
    u upsilon physical, martyr U
    f phi philosphy F
    c chi chronology C
    y psi cups Y
    w omega ego, telophone W

    THE DIPHTHONGS

    Diphthongs (Greek: double sound) are combinations of two vowels that are pronounced together or in rapid succession forming one vowel sound or syllable.

    Click on the diphthongs below to hear their pronunciation:

    Diphthong Sound
    ai aisle
    au sauerkraut
    ei eight
    oi toil
    ou through
    ui week
    eu e (in let) + oo (in soon) = e-oo
    hu a (in late) + oo (in soon) = a-oo

     

    THE IMPROPER DIPHTHONGS

    The socalled "improper diphthongs" consist of the vowels a, h, or w with the letter iota written underneath (iota subscript). The improper diphthongs are pronounced exactly like their respective long vowels without the iota:

    a/ h/ w/

     BREATHING MARK EXAMPLES

    Every word beginning with a vowel has a smooth or rough breathing mark to indicate how this initial vowel is pronounced. Smooth breathing (   j) indicates no change in the sound; rough breathing (    J ) is pronounced like the aspirated h in English:

    Click below for examples:

    Smooth Breathing
    ajgavph ajdelfov" oijkiva

     

    Rough Breathing
    o{ti euJrivskw hJmevra

     

    Greek Dictionary

     

    A B G D E Z H Q I K L M N X O P R S T U F C Y W
    1 (a) to 100 (hadrotes)
    101 (adunateo) to 200 (akris)
    201 (akroaterion) to 300 (Amon)
    301 (Amos) to 400 (anaphoneo)
    401 (anachusis) to 500 (antichristos)
    501 (antleo) to 600 (apokathistemi)
    601 (apokalupto) to 700 (aresko)
    701 (arestos) to 800 (asumphonos)
    801 (asunetos) to 900 (bathuno)
    901 (bathus) to 1000 (bole)
    1001 (bolizo) to 1100 (glossa)
    1101 (glossokomon) to 1200 (desmophulax)
    1201 (desmoterion) to 1300 (diateleo)
    1301 (diatereo) to 1400 (doulon)
    1401 (doulos) to 1500 (eike)
    1501 (eikosi) to 1600 (ekpetannumi)
    1601 (ekpipto) to 1700 (emou)
    1701 (empaigmos) to 1800 (Enos)
    1801 (enotizomai) to 1900 (epekeina)
    1901 (epekteinomai) to 2000 (episphales)
    2001 (episucho) to 2100 (euaresteo)
    2101 (euarestos) to 2200 (zestos)
    2201 (zeugos) to 2300 (theaomai)
    2301 (theatrizo) to 2400 (idou)
    2401 (Idoumaia) to 2500 (Ioses)
    2501 (Ioseph) to 2600 (katabasis)
    2601 (katabibazo) to 2700 (katatoxeuo)
    2701 (katatrecho) to 2800 (klasis)
    2801 (klasma) to 2900 (krataios)
    2901 (krataioo) to 3000 (latreuo)
    3001 (lachanon) to 3100 (matheteuo)
    3101 (mathetes) to 3200 (membrana)
    3201 (memphomai) to 3300 (Not Used)
    3301 (Not Used) to 3400 (milion)
    3401 (mimeomai) to 3500 (nekrosis)
    3501 (neos) to 3600 (odunao)
    3601 (odune) to 3700 (optanomai)
    3701 (optasia) to 3800 (opsonion)
    3801 (ho on) to 3900 (paraptoma)
    3901 (pararrhueo) to 4000 (pentakischilioi)
    4001 (pentakosioi) to 4100 (pisteuo)
    4101 (pistikos) to 4200 (porismos)
    4201 (Porkios) to 4300 (prokuroo)
    4301 (prolambano) to 4400 (procheirizomai)
    4401 (procheirotoneo) to 4500 (rhoizedon)
    4501 (rhomphaia) to 4600 (siagon)
    4601 (sigao) to 4700 (spodos)
    4701 (spora) to 4800 (suzao)
    4801 (suzeugnumi) to 4900 (sunelauno)
    4901 (sunepimartureo) to 5000 (Tabitha)
    5001 (tagma) to 5100 (tis)
    5101 (tis) to 5200 (hugros)
    5201 (hudria) to 5300 (hus)
    5301 (hussopos) to 5400 (phobetron)
    5401 (phobos) to 5500 (cheirotoneo)
    5501 (cheiron) to 5600 (o)
    5601 (Obed) to 5624 ()

     

    UBS New Testament with helps

    Select a chapter

    Matthew 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
    Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
    Luke 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
    John 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
    Acts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
    Romans 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
    1 Corinthians 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
    2 Corinthians 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
    Galatians 1 2 3 4 5 6
    Ephesians 1 2 3 4 5 6
    Philippians 1 2 3 4
    Colossians 1 2 3 4
    1 Thessalonians 1 2 3 4 5
    2 Thessalonians 1 2 3
    1 Timothy 1 2 3 4 5 6
    2 Timothy 1 2 3 4
    Titus 1 2 3
    Philemon 1
    Hebrews 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
    James 1 2 3 4 5
    1 Peter 1 2 3 4 5
    2 Peter 1 2 3
    1 John 1 2 3 4 5
    2 John 1
    3 John 1
    Jude 1
    Revelation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

     

     

    Listen to New Testament in Greek Language

    Marilyn Phemister's

    Greek New Testament

    MP3 Files

     

    Wescott-Hort Greek New Testament, 1881, read by Marilyn Phemister. Copyright 2001 by Marilyn Phemister. Used by permission.

     

    Matthew: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

    Mark: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

    Luke: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

    John: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

    Acts: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

    Romans: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

    1 Corinthians: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

    2 Corinthians: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

    Galatians: 1 2 3 4 5 6

    Ephesians: 1 2 3 4 5 6

    Philippians: 1 2 3 4

    Colossians: 1 2 3 4

    1 Thessalonians: 1 2 3 4 5

    2 Thessalonians: 1 2 3

    1 Timothy: 1 2 3 4 5 6

    2 Timothy: 1 2 3 4

    Titus: 1 2 3

    Philemon: 1

    Hebrews: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

    James: 1 2 3 4 5

    1 Peter: 1 2 3 4 5

    2 Peter: 1 2 3

    1 John: 1 2 3 4 5

    2 John: 1

    3 John: 1

    Jude: 1

    Revelation: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

     

    Conclusion

    Well, dear student, if you have done all of the work asked of you you have in hand the necessary tools with which to study the New Testament in its original language.

    What you must do now is read, read, and read some more in the New Testament itself. Translation is an art as well as a skill; and only by practice can your translating arrive at that level.

    Farewell, and stick with it.

       Trinity College of Biblical Studies

           Introduction to Greek Grammar

    Introduction Course to Greek Grammar.  3 Units